Noun Clauses - İsim Cümleleri
Bir isim cümlesi cümlede o cümlenin öznesi ya da cümlenin fiilinin veya sıfatının nesnesi olarak kullanılabilirler. Aşağıda bu kullanımları daha detaylı inceleyeceğiz.
A. Cümlenin Nesnesi Olarak İsim Cümleleri
1. Noun Clauses Beginning with a Question Word – Soru kelimeleriyle başlayan isim cümleleri
believe, tell, know, forget, wonder, decide, ve hear, vs. gibi fiiller where, when, how, what, why, who(m), or –ever words gibi soru kelimeleriyle başlayan isim cümleleri tarafından takip edilebilirler. Bu durumda isim cümleleri o cümlenin nesnesi durumundadır:
What did he say?
I didn’t hear.
I didn’t hear what he said. (Onun ne dediğini duymadım)
Bu cümlede [what he said] isim cümlesidir. Dikkat edilecek husus isim cümlesinin diziliminin soru cümlesi şeklinde değil soru kelimesinden sonra düz cümle dizilimindedir. Bu tür cümlelerde kullanılan soru kelimeleri artık soru kelimesi olmaktan çıkıp bağlaç görevi grmektedirler.
İncele:
a. I don’t know what his name is. (CORRECT)
b. I don’t know what is his name. (INCORRECT)
örnekler:
I couldn’t understand what she wanted to say.
Do you know what Alice needs?
I don’t know where he works.
I don’t believe what you told us about the event.
He wants to know why his sister is crying.
Please tell me what is going on here.
I wonder whose car this is.
Does anyone here know where she lives?
I wonder who is waiting for me.
He can’t remember how much it cost.
Let me ask which on she wants to play with.
Have you ever asked what he does for a living?
I want to know where you went after class yesterday.
Do you know when the match starts?
2. Noun Clauses Beginning with ’Whether’ or ‘If’ – ‘Whether’ yada ‘If’ ile başlayan isim cümleleri
Evet hayır sorularını isim cümlesi olarak kullandığımızda iki cümleyi birleştirmek için whether ya da if yapıları kullanılır:
Can he type this document?
I don’t know.
I don’t know whether/if he can type this document.
İncele:
a. I don’t know whether/if he will help us. (CORRECT)
b. I don’t know whether/if will he help us. (INCORRECT)
Örnekler:
I wonder if/whether she needs our held.
She is asking if/whether this bus goes to the city center.
They ask if we have enough time.
I want to know if/whether this book costs much.
Ali asks if he spelled this English word corre
y.
I wonder if he knows the correct answer to the question.
I wonder if there is life on other planets.
He doesn’t know if Jane took the dictionary from the bookshelf.
3. Noun Clauses Beginning with ‘that’ – ‘That’ ile başlayan isim cümleleri
The world is round.
I know it.
I know that the world is round. (ya da I know the world is round.)
That yapısıyla başlayan isim cümleleri genellikle aşağıdaki sıfatlarla da yapılanabilir:
obvious, a fact, true, strange, a pity, a shame, odd, unfair, surprising, clear, apparent, too bad, likely, unfortunate, a well-known fact, significant, vs.
Örnekler:
It is obvious that she didn’t like us at all.
It is a fact that the world is round.
I know that she is a good mother.
She thinks that this conflict between the two countries will end soon.
Everyone accepts that drug abouse can ruin one’s life.
It is true that children need their parents’ love and care.
It is widely believed that the smoking can cause cancer.
It is strange that he hasn’t seen us at the party.
‘to be’ + certain adjectives yapıları da aşağıdaki gibi karşımıza çıkabilir:
sorry, disappointed, determined, annoyed, aware, confident, amazed, stunned, delighted, sorry, pleased, excited, sure, astounded, fortunate, terrified, worried, convinced, impressed, proud, upset, sad, thrilled, optimistic
I am glad that you are going to work with us this semester.
I am surprised that he has failed the exam.
He is happy that we are back home.
I was surprised that he didn’t invite you to his party.
B. Cümlenin Öznesi Olarak İsim Cümleleri
1. Noun Clauses Beginning with a Question Word – Soru kelimeleriyle başlayan isim cümleleri
Where does he work?
It is not known.
Where he works is not known.
Örnekler:
What he said surprised me.
How you will use the device is clearly explained in the user’s guide.
Who I am going to the party with does not concern you Mike.
Why he lied to me is my problem.
2. Noun Clauses Beginning with ’Whether’ or ‘If’ – ‘Whether’ yada ‘If’ ile başlayan isim cümleleri
Will he sign the document?
It is not known.
Whether he will sign the document (or not) is not known.
İncele:
a. Whether he knows English or not will determine his acceptance. (CORRECT)
b. If he knows English or not will determine his acceptance. (INCORRECT)
Örnekler:
Whether she loves you or not is unimportant to me.
Whether I’ll stay with her or not makes me nervous.
Whether or not they can use this entrance is stated in the regulations.
3. Noun Clauses Beginning with ‘that’ – ‘That’ ile başlayan isim cümleleri
Antalya is an earthly paradise.
It is widely known.
That Antalya is an earthly paradise is widely known.
Örnekler:
That she doesn’t know Russian is obvious.
That the world is round is a fact accepted by everyone.
That children need their parents’ love and care is true.
That he is so indifferent towards his responsibilities bothers us all.
C. Question Words + Infinitives
when, where, how, what, whom, whose, ve which gibi soru kelimeleri ve whether bir isim cümlesini kısaltmaya uğratmak için to-infinitive bir fiille takip edilebilir (reduction):
I don’t know what I should say.
I don’t know what to say.
Yasemin can’t decide whether she should stay home or (to) go out.
Yasemin can’t decide whether to stay home or (to) go out.
Örnekler:
I didn’t know what to do.
Can you tell me how to get to the nearest post office please?
He didn’t tell me when to go there.
You told him where to meet us, didn’t you?
I don’t know how to use this new machine.
We will decide whether to work with our company or not.
She explained to me what to do in case of fire.
D. –EVER WORDS
Whoever: anyone who ... (whoever is followed by a verb)
Whoever goes with him will have trouble.
(= Anyone who goes with him will have trouble.)
Whover wants to see the flying frogs can come with me.
(= Anyone who wants to see the flying frogs can come with me.)
Who(m)ever: anyone who(m) ...(who[m]ever is followed by SVO)
She gets on well with who(m)ever she mets.
Whatever: anything that ... (whatever is followed by SVO)
You should do whatever I tell you.
(You should do anything that I tell you.)
John does whatever comes into his mind.
(John does anything that comes to his mind.)
Whichever: any of the (nouns) ... (whichever is followed by a noun)
I have three books with me. You can take whichever book you prefer.
(You can take any of the three books that you prefer.)
Whenever: at any time that ... (whenever is followed by SVO)
You may come whenever you want.
(You may come at any time you want.)
He can go whenever he wants.
(He can go at any time he wants.)
Wherever: any place that ... (wherever is followed by SVO)
You can go wherever you want to.
(You can go anyplace that you want to.)
You can park your car wherever you wish.
(You can park your car anyplace that you want.)
However: in any way that ... (however is followed by either SVO or an adjective/adverb)
You may dress however you please.
(You may dress in any way that you please.)
Bir isim cümlesi cümlede o cümlenin öznesi ya da cümlenin fiilinin veya sıfatının nesnesi olarak kullanılabilirler. Aşağıda bu kullanımları daha detaylı inceleyeceğiz.
A. Cümlenin Nesnesi Olarak İsim Cümleleri
1. Noun Clauses Beginning with a Question Word – Soru kelimeleriyle başlayan isim cümleleri
believe, tell, know, forget, wonder, decide, ve hear, vs. gibi fiiller where, when, how, what, why, who(m), or –ever words gibi soru kelimeleriyle başlayan isim cümleleri tarafından takip edilebilirler. Bu durumda isim cümleleri o cümlenin nesnesi durumundadır:
What did he say?
I didn’t hear.
I didn’t hear what he said. (Onun ne dediğini duymadım)
Bu cümlede [what he said] isim cümlesidir. Dikkat edilecek husus isim cümlesinin diziliminin soru cümlesi şeklinde değil soru kelimesinden sonra düz cümle dizilimindedir. Bu tür cümlelerde kullanılan soru kelimeleri artık soru kelimesi olmaktan çıkıp bağlaç görevi grmektedirler.
İncele:
a. I don’t know what his name is. (CORRECT)
b. I don’t know what is his name. (INCORRECT)
örnekler:
I couldn’t understand what she wanted to say.
Do you know what Alice needs?
I don’t know where he works.
I don’t believe what you told us about the event.
He wants to know why his sister is crying.
Please tell me what is going on here.
I wonder whose car this is.
Does anyone here know where she lives?
I wonder who is waiting for me.
He can’t remember how much it cost.
Let me ask which on she wants to play with.
Have you ever asked what he does for a living?
I want to know where you went after class yesterday.
Do you know when the match starts?
2. Noun Clauses Beginning with ’Whether’ or ‘If’ – ‘Whether’ yada ‘If’ ile başlayan isim cümleleri
Evet hayır sorularını isim cümlesi olarak kullandığımızda iki cümleyi birleştirmek için whether ya da if yapıları kullanılır:
Can he type this document?
I don’t know.
I don’t know whether/if he can type this document.
İncele:
a. I don’t know whether/if he will help us. (CORRECT)
b. I don’t know whether/if will he help us. (INCORRECT)
Örnekler:
I wonder if/whether she needs our held.
She is asking if/whether this bus goes to the city center.
They ask if we have enough time.
I want to know if/whether this book costs much.
Ali asks if he spelled this English word corre
y.I wonder if he knows the correct answer to the question.
I wonder if there is life on other planets.
He doesn’t know if Jane took the dictionary from the bookshelf.
3. Noun Clauses Beginning with ‘that’ – ‘That’ ile başlayan isim cümleleri
The world is round.
I know it.
I know that the world is round. (ya da I know the world is round.)
That yapısıyla başlayan isim cümleleri genellikle aşağıdaki sıfatlarla da yapılanabilir:
obvious, a fact, true, strange, a pity, a shame, odd, unfair, surprising, clear, apparent, too bad, likely, unfortunate, a well-known fact, significant, vs.
Örnekler:
It is obvious that she didn’t like us at all.
It is a fact that the world is round.
I know that she is a good mother.
She thinks that this conflict between the two countries will end soon.
Everyone accepts that drug abouse can ruin one’s life.
It is true that children need their parents’ love and care.
It is widely believed that the smoking can cause cancer.
It is strange that he hasn’t seen us at the party.
‘to be’ + certain adjectives yapıları da aşağıdaki gibi karşımıza çıkabilir:
sorry, disappointed, determined, annoyed, aware, confident, amazed, stunned, delighted, sorry, pleased, excited, sure, astounded, fortunate, terrified, worried, convinced, impressed, proud, upset, sad, thrilled, optimistic
I am glad that you are going to work with us this semester.
I am surprised that he has failed the exam.
He is happy that we are back home.
I was surprised that he didn’t invite you to his party.
B. Cümlenin Öznesi Olarak İsim Cümleleri
1. Noun Clauses Beginning with a Question Word – Soru kelimeleriyle başlayan isim cümleleri
Where does he work?
It is not known.
Where he works is not known.
Örnekler:
What he said surprised me.
How you will use the device is clearly explained in the user’s guide.
Who I am going to the party with does not concern you Mike.
Why he lied to me is my problem.
2. Noun Clauses Beginning with ’Whether’ or ‘If’ – ‘Whether’ yada ‘If’ ile başlayan isim cümleleri
Will he sign the document?
It is not known.
Whether he will sign the document (or not) is not known.
İncele:
a. Whether he knows English or not will determine his acceptance. (CORRECT)
b. If he knows English or not will determine his acceptance. (INCORRECT)
Örnekler:
Whether she loves you or not is unimportant to me.
Whether I’ll stay with her or not makes me nervous.
Whether or not they can use this entrance is stated in the regulations.
3. Noun Clauses Beginning with ‘that’ – ‘That’ ile başlayan isim cümleleri
Antalya is an earthly paradise.
It is widely known.
That Antalya is an earthly paradise is widely known.
Örnekler:
That she doesn’t know Russian is obvious.
That the world is round is a fact accepted by everyone.
That children need their parents’ love and care is true.
That he is so indifferent towards his responsibilities bothers us all.
C. Question Words + Infinitives
when, where, how, what, whom, whose, ve which gibi soru kelimeleri ve whether bir isim cümlesini kısaltmaya uğratmak için to-infinitive bir fiille takip edilebilir (reduction):
I don’t know what I should say.
I don’t know what to say.
Yasemin can’t decide whether she should stay home or (to) go out.
Yasemin can’t decide whether to stay home or (to) go out.
Örnekler:
I didn’t know what to do.
Can you tell me how to get to the nearest post office please?
He didn’t tell me when to go there.
You told him where to meet us, didn’t you?
I don’t know how to use this new machine.
We will decide whether to work with our company or not.
She explained to me what to do in case of fire.
D. –EVER WORDS
Whoever: anyone who ... (whoever is followed by a verb)
Whoever goes with him will have trouble.
(= Anyone who goes with him will have trouble.)
Whover wants to see the flying frogs can come with me.
(= Anyone who wants to see the flying frogs can come with me.)
Who(m)ever: anyone who(m) ...(who[m]ever is followed by SVO)
She gets on well with who(m)ever she mets.
Whatever: anything that ... (whatever is followed by SVO)
You should do whatever I tell you.
(You should do anything that I tell you.)
John does whatever comes into his mind.
(John does anything that comes to his mind.)
Whichever: any of the (nouns) ... (whichever is followed by a noun)
I have three books with me. You can take whichever book you prefer.
(You can take any of the three books that you prefer.)
Whenever: at any time that ... (whenever is followed by SVO)
You may come whenever you want.
(You may come at any time you want.)
He can go whenever he wants.
(He can go at any time he wants.)
Wherever: any place that ... (wherever is followed by SVO)
You can go wherever you want to.
(You can go anyplace that you want to.)
You can park your car wherever you wish.
(You can park your car anyplace that you want.)
However: in any way that ... (however is followed by either SVO or an adjective/adverb)
You may dress however you please.
(You may dress in any way that you please.)
